PSS

October Submission
Bruces Auto Spares


  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This was a very small job that occurred because of a fire inspector requiring the doorway between two factories be fitted with a 2 hour safety door as per part of the new SANS 10400. It is a municipal submission to meet the requirement.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
The Plumsted or South Peninsular Council. The drawing is currently still in (26/09/2011) council as the fire inspector has inspected it once more and found additional faults that are still to be rectified.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
More detail for the door can be specified in a window and door schedule however council does not require such information.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (fro example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The opening is bricked up to a certain height, leaving space for the door opening. A concrete lintel is then placed over the opening and the brick work built to the underside of the existing wall opening. The 2 hr fire safety door is then fixed into the opening and the wall plastered and painted to match the existing. The drawing consists of a site plan, section, elevation and plan. These are the most basic requirements needed by council to successfully submit a plan.


Butchers Block, Morning Side
Bar Storage Room Detail

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing is for tender. It indicates all the necessary information needed for a manufacturer or tenderer to cost and obtain all the materials needed for the construction of this storage room.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
For a tenderer. Copies of all the plans and details of the Butchers block were sent to a number of tenderers and estimates on costing determined which tenderer was best viable for this project.
  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
For the purpose of tendering, no.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (fro example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This Store room is 1.5 x 1.2 meters which also has a door at each end to allow a barman access to the bar counter with storage space either side. It is constructed with batons equally spaced parallel to each other on each side with 114 x 16mm maranti cladding (a very aesthetic wood). To the inside of the vertical batons 50x50mm horizontal batons are fixed at equal spaces which forms a strong skeleton for store room. One strip section, one detail, two elevations are plans ensures a successful construction and purchase of materials.


Butchers Block, Morning Side
Existing Building

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing was drawn up from basic dimensions and photo graphs. It shows the existing building which is to be altered and extended slightly. These drawing are used as a base from which the additions and alterations can be drawn. Working in conjunction with interior designers, the interior and exterior are both to be altered.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
This drawing it used by the office and is to be shown in certain parts on the demolition plan.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, being able to obtain the original drawings would allow for more detail in the existing building. The site is located in Johannesburg and thus accurate dimensions are hard to obtain.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This drawing shows labeled dimensions that request accurate heights and lengths.


Butchers Block, Morning Side
Refuse room

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing is for tender. It indicates all the necessary information needed for a manufacturer or tenderer to cost and obtain all the materials need for the construction of this refuse room.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
For a tenderer. Copies of all the plans and details of the Butchers block were sent to a number of tenderers and estimates on costing determined which tenderer was best viable for this project.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No as the same drawing communication would not be achieved other than a 3D digital file.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The refuse room is constructed from steel posts fixed to the existing brick work with woven wire mesh infill and slip lock roof. It shows every detail that is necessary to go out for tender.


Butchers Block, Morning Side
Sketch Design

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing shows the sketch design stage of the Butchers Block. It shows all four elevations and what the intended changes are for the Block.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
This drawing is prepared for the client.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, a 3D model can be drawn up to give the client a better perspective of the proposed alterations. Only the necessary information is shown on the drawing that will enable the client to understand and give a scale to the building.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The intended new alteration and addition, is the extension of the existing roof with an addition of two new dormer windows each side of the roof. Large aluminum windows are to be installed at each gable end of the roof as well as the addition of a mezzanine to the inside. All the necessary heights are shown such as the roof apex, mezzanine level, window heights and internal finished floor level.


Butchers Block, Morning Side
Window and door Schedules

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
The purpose of this drawing is to show the exact sizes, materials, finished and ironmongery for all the doors and windows in the new addition at Butchers Block.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
These drawings are sent to the manufacturers of the doors and windows. The manufacturers vary depending on the type of material used for each door. For instance the aluminum doors and windows are manufactured at a different place than that of the steel gate for the refuse room.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as this is what is needed by the manufacturer to do his job.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
Each door is shown on a A4 page. Each page specifies the door number, type, frame, frame finish, leaf, leaf finish, type of glazing, ironmongery and any general information that needs to be noted.
Note: All drawings contain 8 A4 prints.





CTM Mafaking
Stair Detail

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing shows each component of the internal steel staircase for the new CTM in East Mafaking.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
The builders at the site use these drawings to construct. This drawing does not need to go to a manufacturer as this construction of staircase is can be cut to size and constructed on site.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No as this is a general way of communicating the necessary information.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
It consists of two flights of stairs that have one landing between. The treads are made from angle cut steel sections which are welded to 2 diagonal I beams that form the support for one flight of stairs. Timber planks are bolted to the steelwork to form the treads.


CTM Mafaking
Gate Detail


  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing shows in detail the construction and materials needed to construct the three gates at CTM Mafaking.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
This drawing is prepared for the builder on site. With this information he can obtain the necessary materials needed to build the gates.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No as this method is sufficient enough to communicate the construction method.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
Two of the three gates are sliding gates which are steel frames which have lateral and vertical members in between the frame. The frame has wheels welded to it at various intervals which role along a guide rail that is encased in concrete. Guide wheels also help guide the gate and prevent it from falling to one side.

CTM Northgate
Adhesive store proposals

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
These drawings show proposals for an adhesive store on the existing site.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
These drawings are done to show to the client for CTM Northgate.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, a 3D model can be done to better show the proposal to the client.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
There are four proposals for an adhesive store. There is limited space on the existing site and so the store has to be positioned appropriately as not to waste space. Each proposal allows space for storage of palettes which bags of adhesive can be stored on. A roof covers the storage areas as the adhesive must not get wet. On these drawings only the basic dimensions are shown to give the client an understanding of the sizes of the areas. In addition each storage space must allow for the easy movement of a fork lift to move the palettes in and out.


CTM Port Elizabeth
Municipal Drawings


  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
These drawings show the basic information and construction for an alteration and addition to the existing CTM in P.E.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
The P.E council. It shows only the necessary information so that the council can understand and approve the proposals.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as this is a basic requirement from council.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This set of drawings shows one section, a site plan, ground floor plan, and four elevations. All the parking and coverage calculations are shown in the site plan. In addition there is a fire plan that indicated where all the fire equipment and signage is to be positioned. Only the basic information for each component is stated as if too much detail is given council may find a fault of problem which will inevitably cause delays even though the problem will be rectified before the plans go to site. Municipal drawings are not used on site for construction. Working drawings are used as follows.

CTM Port Elizabeth
Working Drawings

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
The purpose of these drawings is for site works to commence. These drawings are sent to the civil engineers and structural engineers so that they can start calculation the necessary information.


  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
Structural and civil engineers as well as for tender purposes.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as these drawings are what is required and can be read by all who are involved in the project

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
These drawings show the alterations and additions to the existing CTM in Port Elizabeth. The entrance to the building is to be repositioned to the other side where a new entrance way is to be constructed as well as a new steel signage frame that is to be specified by the engineers. In addition, a new ablution bock is to be built internally at the opposite end of the new entrance way. All the information on exactly how to construct this alteration is shown on the drawing excluding the engineers information which will be updated on this drawing in due time. The only work that is going to be done in this project this year is the civil works which involve a large amount of excavation and will hopefully be completed by the 15 December 2011.
The drawing set contains four sections, four elevations, one site plan and one ground floor plan.


CTM Potch
Bathroom Layouts

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
These drawings show the plumber and builder all the information about the sizes, fittings and types of finishes in the ablution block for CTM Potch.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
The builder and sanitary installer as well as for the client who in some cases may want to change the layouts of fittings before installation.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as this method is appropriate for communicating the necessary information.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
In this drawings all the types of fixtures are specified as well as their exact position with in the bathroom. Prior to the installation of the bathroom fittings the masonry walls are constructed. This phase of construction comes at a later stage to the structural works. Each bathroom layout usually has 4 elevations with in however if there is only a blank wall or door way in the elevation then it is not required as no information can be shown on such a elevation.


CTM Potch
Window & Door Schedule

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
The purpose of this drawing is to show the manufacturer exactly of to install and construct each window and door for CTM Potch.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
The Manufacturer as well as the person who installs the doors. Each door has a number and type which can be referred back to the plan. These drawings specifically are drawn for tender

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as this is a general way of communicating the necessary information.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
For each door the thickness of the frame, door leaf and all ironmongery is shown and specified. All the glazing is also specified for both windows and some doors.
When there is more than one door or window there is only one schedule for that type.


CTM Potch
Municipal Drawings (Elevations)

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
The purpose of this drawing is to show the basic information for a proposed CTM in Potch. Details are not included in this drawing as they are not necessary.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
The Potchestrom Council including all the department heads.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as this is a general requirement from council.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The drawings contain four elevation and two sections of which I drew the elevations. Each elevation and section shows grid lines that help one reference them to the plans. In each elevation the window sizes are given as well as the finishes for each component. The roof type and pitch is specified to show the council only the necessary information. (When working with council it is advisable to only show the basic information as if too much information is given, council will, in most circumstances, find an error.


CTM Upington
Stair Detail

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing shows in detail exactly how to construct the sconcrete stairs that are to be built at the CTM in Upington. Each component of the stairs are specified so that a manufacturer can successfully construct the stairs on site.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
This is prepared for the manufacturer of the steel balustrade and the builder on site.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as this is a general and reliable way of communicating detailed information.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
On this drawing a plan, section, elevation and 3 details show the manufacturer and builder exactly how far and what material must be used where. Every dimension is shown where necessary. Each tread and riser is numbered and given a specific width and length.


Dermatech Beauty Salon
Municipal Submission

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing shows the proposed alterations and additions to an existing block of flats, that was originally designed and build by our company. The existing basement level and entrance lobby is to be altered and changed into the new dermatech beauty school and salon.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
This drawing is prepared for council and thus shows only the overall dimension. The council is mostly interested in seeing that all the heights and room sizes as well as fire and sewage works comply with the SANS 10400.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, this is a general requirement from council and the way of communicating is a set standard that must be met if you wish to submit building plans.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This set of drawings contains a basement, ground and first floor level as well as 3 elevations and a section. All the new building work is shown in hatch and appropriate line thicknesses are allocated for each type of building material. This drawing also shows grid lines that help indicate where the section and elevations are taken through.


CTM East London
Gate Detail

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
This drawing shows the exact specification and construction of a sliding gate for the CTM in East London.

  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
This drawing is prepared for the manufacturer of the steel gate as well as for the builder who installs the gate on site.

  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as this is a general and reliable way to communicate this type of information.

  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (fro example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This drawing contains a site plan (showing where on site the gate is situated), a plan(showing all the necessary dimensions that are needed to make the gate), one elevation ( showing the heights and where the cross bars are to be welded) and 2 details (showing exactly how the gate is fixed together at certain points).


Hoofweg Primary School
Municipal & sketch drawings

  1. What is the purpose of this drawing/ information?
These drawings show the sketch designs as well as the municipal application for the new Hoofweg Primary School computer room. This school is constructed using a relatively new technology called LEPA. LAPA construction consists of precast concrete panels that are a mixture of Styrofoam balls and concrete. This mixture makes the panels light, durable and insulating. This material is cheap and construction time takes as little as 3 days for each story. The school is constructed out of varying sixes of these LEPA panels.


  1. Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawings/information?
These drawings are prepared for the client as well as the council who are also new to this type of construction.


  1. Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, being a new technology, 3D drawings may better explain the construction although the CAD drawings are easy to understand.



  1. Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (fro example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The sketch drawings show the client the different heights of the roofs, floor levels and ceiling heights. The municipal drawings show the council exactly how many panels (including the type of panels) make up the walls and floors. The drainage is also shown with all the calculations and all the necessary signage for fire and disabled people are indicated. The roof is constructed using light gauge mild steel trusses that cut down the cost even more. All the window sizes are indicated so that council can ensure that there is at least 5% ventilation and 10% light  for each room in the computer building.
For this project I was given a design task of making a circuit board pattern on the paving outside the computer room. The circuit board represents the computer functionality inside the building as well as creating an interesting pattern on the ground.



June Portfolio Submission
In the last few months I have been working on a varitey of different jobs which in volve different types of drawings. Alot of my time is spent out the office at Councils around Cape Town. I have become very familiar with the Khayelitsha, Cape Town, Summer Set west, Parow, Athlone, Blauberg and Plumsted councils and understand the processes with in very well as I check on the progress of plans every second day. I am getting a good over all understanding of the planning, submitting and building aspects towards architectural technology. I have been involved in few designs but learn more about it everyday. This portfolio is the work which I have drafted in the office and most of which I submit myself.

CTM Bloemfontein
1.       What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
The purpose of this drawing is to clearly show the proposed new ablution facility, for the CTM in Bloemfontein. The drawing is a municipal prepared drawing and so only indicates certain required dimensions so that the different departments in council can see that it complies with the SABS. It has 2 sections, an elevation, plan and site plan that is required for a municipal drawing.

2.       Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
The different departments in the Bloemfontein Council. In this case it has already gone to the health, fire, electrical and town planning department and is currently up for approval.

3.       Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as council only requires plans when approving a building.

4.       Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
Because this is an alteration only certain parts are new. Shown above one can see where the existing structure currently sits. The alteration is the extension of the ablution facility on the ground floor.to achieve this a concrete upstand beam is installed to the bottom side of the wall. The concrete slab is extended to the new wall. In addtition to this, new concrete stairs are installed for access to the area perpendicular to the new ablution as seen in plan view. A 230 wall is built around the perimeter and a 5 degree clip lock roof is build over the area of extension.
CTM Port Elizabeth
1.             What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing is prepared for council. It is to show the proposed alteration & addition to the CTM in Port Elizabeth and gives the necessary information to the council, so that they may check that it complies with the SABS. Once council has approved the plan, it can go to the next stage of development. Working drawings can then be drawn up which include specifications, which are required for each component of the building so that a builder can accurately build the new structure.
2.             Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
These drawings are read by many different departments in council, therefore it has to abide by the SABS. When a standard it not adhered to, amendments are done to rectify it.  
3.             Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No as there is a requirement from council for 2D draughted drawings as means of reading and understanding. It is in essence using “one” language to communicate.
4.             Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The existing CTM in Bloemfontein is to be extended at the south east corner. The existing entrance way is to be moved from the opposite corner to the corner of new extension. The existing build corner is to be squared off and the existing diagonally placed building demolished in place for a section offset from the rest of the building which in addition has an angled frame that “sharpens” the angel of the corner. The frame is made entirely from steel of different lengths and sizes. The Extension of the roof requires a extension of the roof truss that ends resting on a new steel column. The offset perimeter wall has three window and one entrance door opening which has a thick downstand beams that runs the perimeter of the new offset extension. It has a flat concrete roof that forms the tops of the downstand beams, with an additional parapet above the slab. Around the perimeter wall there is a lean to roof that is supported by steel beams that sit on individual footings. There are two main types of foundation used. Reinforced concrete strip footings are used below the walls and concrete pad footings are used at the base of each steel columns.

CTM Upington
1.                  What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
The purpose of this drawing is to show in detail exactly how to construct the required section of the building and what material to use. This drawing is sent to manufacturers and engineers before the builder begins construction.
2.                  Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This drawing is prepared for the builder who is to construct and build these stairs in the CTM in Upington.
3.                  Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, 3D details can be provided in addition to the 2D details, however 2D format is still the required format for some to build.
4.             Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The stair is constructed from reinforced concrete with 16 risers & 15 treads that has a 20mm screed with a 10mm tile joined by tile adhesive. The specific dimensions are shown on the plan. These dimension tell the building exactly how to construct the stairs. There is a steel hand rail that runs up the one side of the stair case. The exact steel dimensions are also shown. From one plan, section and elevation the builder can successfully build these stairs.

 


House Datnow
1.                  What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
The project is still in the design phase. Two design ideas have been thought through so far. The drawing and information tell and show the client how the new addition of a granny flat would look. The new flat is to be built on top of an existing Garage.
2.                  Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
The client. An auto cad 1:50 drawing as well as a sketch 3D model has been prepared so that the client may get the best understanding and perspective of the design.






3.                  Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, scaled models can also be build of the new addition.



4.                  Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The new addition of the granny flat is situated in Hout Bay. It is to contain an open plan lounge & kitchen area, one shared bathroom and two bedrooms. In the first design both bedrooms able to accommodate double beds as well as space for a large balcony and lounge area which can accommodate two couches, a TV cabinet and dining room table.

After having a meeting with the client the client chose to make it much smaller but contain the same number of areas, just to a smaller scale. The second design is the scaled down version which still has the same spaces as the first. In this case only one of the bedrooms can accommodate a double bed and the lounge can only accommodate two smaller couches and a TV cabinet. This drawing has not been drawn up for council as of yet so most of the components and sizes are rough and unknown, however, It is to consist of a 7-9 degree mono pitched roof. The walls are to be 280mm external and 110mm internal which are built on a 100mm-200mm (Engineers detail & specification). All the lintels are to be precast concrete. All the finishes and specifications from the client are still to be discussed and agreed apon.
House Phillipides
1.       What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
The purpose of this drawing and information is to clearly show the proposed addition and alteration of a garage of house of Mr Phillipides (my employer).
2.       Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This drawing is prepared for council so that they may understand and clarify that the building is to SABS standards. Before the drawing is sent to council is has to be coloured in. Different material are coloured in with a different colour. Green-concrete, Red-brickwork, yellow-walls in elevation & timber in section, blue for steel & water drainage pipes( as well as gas pipes) and brown for sewage pipes.
3.       Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as council requires certain types of drawings so that all the departments may understand them. For the purpose of this submission, the plan was split into two separate submissions. The reason being that the existing house is built over two erven. The client wishes not to consolidate the erven but keep them separate. The erven must be consolidated for building to happen over two erven and so instead two submissions are done to by pass this law.
4.       Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The garage is cut into the earth. A 300mm cavity wall is built on top of a 200mm concrete slab to retain the earth behind. 280 walls are built perpendicular to the retaining wall. An in situ concrete beam supports the brickwork above the opening to the garage. The roof is an IBR 5 degree pitch which rest of rafters and purlins. Above this there is a timber deck that forms a flat area above the garage that provides a view of the surrounding area in Fresnaye. The timber deck is supported by steel beams that span the length on the garage.

To the left hand side of the garage there also a garbage room to be built as well as concrete stairs that take one from the level of the garage to the height of the stoep where the timber deck is situated.

To the right of the garage a pool and garden area is to be built. The concrete that the pool is cast from is to be waterproofed (to later detail). In the process of getting the drawing into council it had to first be approved by the Heritage Western Cape because the building is older than 60 years, but not in an urban conservation area. The plan was approved and is now awaiting neighbours consent.


Italtile Carports
1.       What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing is done to show the addition of new carports to Italtile.
2.       Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
The drawing shows manufacturer, engineer and builder how to construct carports for Italtile. This is an old drawing which has only had the carports changed from their original design. This change was done very late into the building process by the client.
3.       Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, 3D details can better help one understand the construction.
4.       Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The carport consists of a steel truss that spans length ways across two parking bays and the area between the two bays. At either end there are steel columns that have concrete pad footings at their base which anchor the structure. Between each truss , purlins that span perpendicular over the bays on either side but not over the area between the bays. Clip lock sheeting is fixed in place on top of the steel purlins. The area below the steel frame can serve as a service yard when not in use for parking.
Orangezicht Gas Installation
1.       What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing shows the new gas installation at a house in Orangezicht. It shows the layout of the gas bottle and where the gas pipes are to be installed. It also shows the take off point for the pipes and all the necessary safety valves that are required.
2.       Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This drawing is prepared for council. In the case of a gas installation the only department that the plan will go to in council is the fire department. The approval stage is usually quick.
3.       Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as the fire department only wishes to see 2D drafted drawing containing one section, elevation, plan and site plan.

4.       Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The gas installation comprises of 2x2x48kg gas bottle that are connected together at a point where a safety valve and high pressure regulator are installed. From here the pipe is split into two by a T pipe which takes the gas to opposite ends of the house. To the one side of the house there are 5 cut off points (3 downstairs and 2 upstairs) and to the other side there are two cut off point (one upstairs for a braai and one downstairs for the kitchen stove). The client had this all installed before any council approval and so this is a “rider” plan that is done to make the installation legal.

In addition, the gas bottles are enclosed by a 110mm wall with a 3 degree clip lock sheeting roof that has a timber gate to conceal the gas bottles.


Resin Coaters Gas Installation
1.        What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing shows the alteration to an existing gas installation at the Resin Coater’s factory on Tredoux Street in Parow. It shows the new gas bottle layout and pipe installation.as well as take off point for the pipes and all the necessary safety valves that are required.
2.        Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information
This drawing is prepared for council. In the case of a gas installation the only department that the plan will go to in council is the fire department. The plan approval time was roughly 24 hours. This was only done by speaking to the correct people and explaining the urgent situation.

The client was inspected by the fire department on a random survey. They found a large gas tank that had not been serviced or checked by the fire department for over 10 years. This meant that the client had to install new bottles and have the plans approved within two weeks. The client called on a Monday and by the Friday the plans were approved.

3.        Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information
No, as council requires 2D drafted drawings for plan submission.

4.        Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?
The gas installation comprises of 2x10x48kg gas bottle that are connected together at a point where a safety valve and high pressure regulator are installed. From here the pipe is installed through the wall of the factory with a safety valve as it reaches the inside wall. From the safety valve it goes to the height of the trusses and travels along the wall to truss where the gas powered machinery is situated. There are 4 cut off valves for the 4 machines.

This was I quick small drawing todo. I was instructed to simply draw an elevation for a gas installation in the Parow area. When going through council it was requested by the fire chief that he sees an elevation together with the plan and section so that he may better understand the proposed installation and check that it is in accordance with the SABS
Total Gas Elevation
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KENNETH MAIN
ONLINE PORTFOLIO

Index
1.  CTM Summerset West
2.  Italtile Carports
3.  Libertas Pergola
4.  CTM East London
5.  CTM Upington


CTM Summerset West

1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?

The purpose if this drawing is to show detailed sections through a steel truss and concrete framed with brick infill CTM store in Summerset West. It shows the trusses and the heights of the structure as well as the tower which is also completely constructed from steel I beams.

2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?

This drawing is prepared for council. Therefore not all the information is shown as council only required over all dimensions and general notes to understand how the building is put together and how it conforms to the National Building Regulations.


3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?

No as council requires specific drawings at specific scales however the same information will be provided in more detail at a later stage for working drawings. Structural engineer’s drawings will also be submitted at a later stage to the council.





4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)

Components
Steel trusses
The steel trusses gain their strength for long spans from two components in this drawing. The first is the double beam system which makes the truss sturdier and gives it tensile strength. The double beam system has cross bracing between the two beams which gives it additional tensile strength. The second component is the tension members that span the base of the truss. The member in the middle that comes down vertically to meet the other 6 tension members is called the king post and gives compressive strength to the truss. In addition to the forces acting on the truss, lateral forces act on the truss and for this reason struts are used to counteract the force.

Brickwork
The brickwork in this structure is mostly used to fill the spaces between the concrete columns and does not play a role in the strength of the structure. In the section on the bottom of the PDF it shows brickwork that is used for the entrance way. On top of this brick work rests a long concrete slab. The brickwork in this case is load bearing.

Concrete columns
At the base of each end of each truss there is a concrete column which holds up the trusses. Concrete is used as it provides the necessary compressive strength. At the centre of each concrete column there is also a steel I beam which provided tensile strength for the column and the trusses exert lateral forces and the tensile strength of the steel inside each column is need to counter cat these forces. Not forgetting, each column has a 750x250 concrete footing which distributes the load of the building to the ground.

Roof sheeting
The roof sheeting used is clip-lock sheeting and provides a water proof covering for the inside. Water proofing is another component that is essential for a well build building. At the eves of the building there are large box gutters that are waterproofed with flashing and counter flashing. Since these are only council drawings there is no need to show much detail for the gutters.

Concrete slabs
Reinforced concrete slabs are used as a roof in the entrance way as the architects (Bernd Schultz) designed it to look this way. The concrete slab must be waterproofed with a derbi-gum layer and finished with pebbles fro aesthetic purposes. This is again just a council submission so the waterproofing details are not always required.

The dimensions show the height of the truss, the apex, the height of the walls, the heights of the finished floor level, the natural ground level and the heights of the concrete slabs.

 
ITALTILE CARPORTS 

1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?

The purpose of this drawing is show how the structure of the Italtile and CTM in Northgate works and to show how many carports are to be build.

2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?

This is a council submission and so only requires the essential information to get the plan approved so that it may go to the working drawing stage of completion. There is also a site plan to show where on the site we want to build these carports. This is another requirement of council.

3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?

No, as the only other way to better display the information is to give details of each junction which for council purposes is unnecessary.

4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)


For these drawings I was only assigned the task of drawing the sections. The section clearly indicate how the structure is to look and shows all the necessary heights, components and information needed to build the structure.
Components
Foundations
The foundations are a very important component of the structure as they need to anchor the lateral forced that act on such a type of covering. The foundations are pad footings which at this stage still need to get the engineers go “ahead”. Without the pad footings the structure would fall to one side because of how unbalanced it is.

Steel beams and columns
The steel components are to be made off site by welding the beam to the column. Welding it together forms a strong bond however steel struts also need to be put in place that are fixed to the beams and columns with GMS connection plates.

Roof sheeting
The roof sheeting is clip-lock sheeting that must be flashed and counter flashed at the roof wall junction to prevent water penetration. The roof sheeting has a 3 degree fall which allows rain water to slowly run off.

For these drawings I was only assigned the task of drawing the sections. The section clearly indicate how the structure is to look and shows all the necessary heights, components and information needed to build the structure.
Components
Foundations
The foundations are a very important component of the structure as they need to anchor the lateral forced that act on such a type of covering. The foundations are pad footings which at this stage still need to get the engineers go “ahead”. Without the pad footings the structure would fall to one side because of how unbalanced it is.

Steel beams and columns
The steel components are to be made off site by welding the beam to the column. Welding it together forms a strong bond however steel struts also need to be put in place that are fixed to the beams and columns with GMS connection plates.

Roof sheeting
The roof sheeting is clip-lock sheeting that must be flashed and counter flashed at the roof wall junction to prevent water penetration. The roof sheeting has a 3 degree fall which allows rain water to slowly run off.

CTM POTCHESTROM


1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing is a sketch up model for a CTM that is to be built in Pochestrom. I was given the plans already drawn up and told to do a sketch up model of it.


2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This model is done for the client as well as the architects so that they may get a feel for what it may look like other than 2D drawings of it.

3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes. An actual model can be built but that is not really done these days for such large buildings unless the client asks for it.

4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This CTM is an addition and alteration to the existing one. The building that has the curves aluminium louvers frame along side it is the addition and the building with the red concrete L as the entrance way is the alteration. The tower is also an addition.

CAPE TOWN MARKET




1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This was the first sketch up model that I did for the office. It shows the existing warehouse that a client wishes to use for confidential purposes.

2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This was drawn up for the architect so that he may design the space inside.

3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
It can and was done on Auto CAD as well but the sketch up version helps one better understand the structure.

4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The structure is a steel frames clip-lock roofed building just off the N1 high way leaving Cape Town. It is currently empty. The roof consists of double beamed steel trusses that span the width of the building. There are also steel columns that support the roof.

CTM EAST LONDON
1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This was the first sketch up model that I did for the office. It shows the existing warehouse that a client wishes to use for confidential purposes.

2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This was drawn up for the architect so that he may design the space inside.

3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
It can and was done on Auto CAD as well but the sketch up version helps one better understand the structure.

4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The structure is a steel frames clip-lock roofed building just off the N1 high way leaving Cape Town. It is currently empty. The roof consists of double beamed steel trusses that span the width of the building. There are also steel columns that support the roof.


1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
The purpose of this drawing is to show the alterations and additions that are to be done to the CTM in East London.
2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This drawing is being prepared for council. The information that is shown on this drawing is for council purposes. Before these drawings go out to tender they will still be edited slightly and made into working drawings so that the builder can make the changes and additions to the building.
3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as the council requires scale 1:100 drawings. This is only one drawing from the set that goes out to council. It was my task to draw up this section for the project.
4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
Components
Steel
This building is a steel framed structure. There are steel trusses and cross bracing  that support the roof  and makes it more sturdy making it able to span a long distance.  Being a framed structure the trusses are supported by galvanized steel columns. Besides for the addition on the right hand side shown by the grid lines there is the addition of the 3 raised mono pitch roof sections with clear vertical sheeting to allow in light. These additions are simply placed on top of the existing roof structure and fixed in place.  With the help of an engineer the correct steel sizes are used.

Concrete & foundations
Where the addition of the new extension shown by grid lines is to be there is an existing floor slab. To save money, sections are cut of the existing slab and the new stub foundations are cast. Once cast the sections are filled and concrete is cast over the sections to match the existing slab. It is better understood by looking at the drawing.  

Heights
The heights and dimensions shown on the drawing indicate the most relevant information that council would need to see, such as the heights of the apex of the roof, top of the columns, top of the new raised mono pitch additions, sizes of the trusses, as well as the length of the entire addition which can also be seen on plan.


 
 CTM SUMMERSET WEST #2 (Electrical)
1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing shows the electrical layout for a CTM in Summerset West. I did not draw the plan but did draw the section, elevations and electrical layout.

2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This is prepared for the electricians so that they may install the correct number of lights in the correct positions in the CTM store.

3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as electrical layouts are a certain type of drawing and there is no other way to show it unless done physically.

4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)

CTM UPINGTON 

1.     What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
These drawings show in detail how the CTM Upington tower is constructed. These two drawings go hand in hand with each other. The first and more detailed drawing was not drawn by me however I was given the task of editing this drawing and thus obtained a great understanding on how the tower is to be build. Once the drawings had come back from the engineers I drew up the second drawing which focuses only on the tower.


2.     Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
These drawings are presented to the builder from which he must use the information that is given to successfully construct the tower.


3.     Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as these drawings show all the information that is necessary to successfully build the tower. On the drawing that I drew I imported a sketch up 3D drawing into Auto CAD to better show and explain how the junctions will work.



 
4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The tower is constructed from steel. There are 4 steel columns that are 14650mm high. At 11160mm high you find the first beams that are welded in place to the columns. There is a steel “box” that houses superflow curvent louvers fixed to these beams. The steel box is part of the towers aesthetics and plays no role.  About 2 meters above this there are the next set of beams that have diagonal cross bracing to the first set of beams make the tower more rigid. At the top of the tower there is the final set of beams that have their ends cut at an angel. All together this makes up the iconic CTM tower for Upington that is due to go out for tender in the next few weeks. The construction of this tower can be better shown by the sketch up model pictures.


LIBERTAS DRAINAGE


1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing shows the drainage layout and plan for the Libertas alterations. For this drawing I only drew up the drainage section. It shows what sized pipes are to be used and the position of all the services in the complex.

2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
This is prepared for council so that they may approve the proposed layout.

3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, as there is only one way to show a drainage section.

4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This building has three floors of which the first and second have the services. The drainage is split into to parts for the different sanitary services. The first is the toilets which have their own pipe that enters stub stack pipe at a lower point than the other services enter so that any odors will seep up into the flat through the sinks or showers. The other pipes are for the showers, sinks and wash hand basins. All the drainage for these services connect to the stub stack at a higher point than the toilet outlet.

At the top of the stub stack there is a vent valve that allows any gas and pressure build up in the stub stack to be release at a high point where it will not be smelt by anyone.

At the bottom the stub stack is connected to a pipe that has a 1:60 fall. This is a standard fall for all drainage and allows all waste to run with out getting blocked. 

HOUSE PHILIPPIDES 

1.    What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
This drawing is a sketch design that I was given by my boss Mr. Philippides. It is the first sketch design that I have been given todo. It is a renovation that he wants to do to his kitchen in the next few year and it was given to me so that I may have some design experience as well. I have also drawn up the kitchen on sketch up so that he may have a better feel for what it may look like.



2.    Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
The client


3.    Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
No, unless a different programme such as Archi CAD is used.


4.    Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
The kitchen lay out is the design that my boss chose. It consist of low and high  level cupboards as well as the usual fridge, over & stove top, microwave, tumble dryer and washing machine. In the kitchen there is a center console that may be used for food preparation while talking to guests. 

PERGOLA & BOUNDARY WALL DETAIL-LIBERTAS


1.     What is the purpose of this drawing/information?
The purpose of this drawing is to show the builder exactly how this structure is put together. This is a detail of the Libertas entrance way which consists of a steel pergola with gabion wall. This type of drawing is better referred to as a working drawing.

2.     Who are the people for whom you have prepared this drawing/information?
It has been prepared for the builder.
3.     Are there any other ways to provide the same drawing/information?
Yes, if each junction is shown in detail the builder could theoretically build the structure but without an over all view he may struggle.
4.   Explain the purpose of every component of the drawing/information mean (for example, why do you put certain dimensions on a specific drawing?)
This drawing shows the detail of 3 big components.
Boundary wall
The boundary wall is a normal 230mm retaining brickwork wall that is cladded in a dry-pack stone cladding. The stone cladding is all for aesthetics and does not play a structural role. Below the wall there is a subsoil drainage pipe that drains the water that may push against the 230 retaining wall.

Steel pergola
The steel pergola is a simple 120x80mm IPE framed structure that has its own mass concrete block footing. At the junctions the steel beams are fixed together with steel bolts. There are two beams for each frame of the pergola and on the one side of each frame there is a 50 diameter IPE beam that is welded to the beam to keep the second beam up.

Timber pergola
The timber pergola is slightly different to the steel pergola. On the one side, a footing is needed where the 114x38 timber hardwood is fixed with a galvanized mild steel shoe base plate with 10mm diameter  steel peg that is epoxy fixed into holes drilled into the 230 retaining wall on either side. At the junctions the timber is fixed at 45 degree angels with connection plates.





April Submission

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